115. 如何找数据库表的主键字段的名称? SQL>SELECT * FROM user_constraints WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='P' and table_name='TABLE_NAME';
116. 两个结果集互加的函数?
SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD INTERSECT SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW; SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD UNION SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW; SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD UNION ALL SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW;
117. 两个结果集互减的函数? SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD MINUS SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW;
118. 如何配置Sequence?
建sequence seq_custid create sequence seq_custid start 1 incrememt by 1; 建表时: create table cust { cust_id smallint not null, ...} insert 时: insert into table cust values( seq_cust.nextval, ...)
日期的各部分的常用的的写法 119>.取时间点的年份的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY') FROM DUAL;
120>.取时间点的月份的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'MM') FROM DUAL;
121>.取时间点的日的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD') FROM DUAL;
122>.取时间点的时的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24') FROM DUAL;
123>.取时间点的分的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'MI') FROM DUAL;
124>.取时间点的秒的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'SS') FROM DUAL;
125>.取时间点的日期的写法: SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
126>.取时间点的时间的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24:MI:SS') FROM DUAL;
127>.日期,时间形态变为字符形态 SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
128>.将字符串转换成日期或时间形态: SELECT TO_DATE('2003/08/01') FROM DUAL;
129>.返回参数的星期几的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'D') FROM DUAL;
130>.返回参数一年中的第几天的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DDD') FROM DUAL;
131>.返回午夜和参数中指定的时间值之间的秒数的写法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'SSSSS') FROM DUAL;
132>.返回参数中一年的第几周的写法: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'WW') FROM DUAL; 虚拟字段
134. ROWNUM 按设定排序的行的序号 SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ROWNUM < 10 ;
135. ROWID 返回行的物理地址 SELECT ROWID, ename FROM emp WHERE deptno = 20 ;
136. 将N秒转换为时分秒格式? set serverout on declare N number := 1000000; ret varchar2(100); begin ret := trunc(n/3600) || '小时' || to_char(to_date(mod(n,3600),'sssss'),'fmmi"分 "ss"秒"') ; dbms_output.put_line(ret); end;
137. 如何查询做比较大的排序的进程? SELECT b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks, a.sid, a.serial#, a.username, a.osuser, a.status FROM v$session a,v$sort_usage b WHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks ;
138. 如何查询做比较大的排序的进程的SQL语句? select /*+ ORDERED */ sql_text from v$sqltext a where a.hash_value = ( select sql_hash_value from v$session b where b.sid = &sid and b.serial# = &serial) order by piece asc ;
139. 如何查找重复记录? SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
140. 如何删除重复记录? DELETE FROM TABLE_NAME WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
141. 如何快速编译所有视图? SQL >SPOOL VIEW1.SQL SQL >SELECT ‘ALTER VIEW ‘||TNAME||’ COMPILE;’ FROM TAB; SQL >SPOOL OFF 然后执行VIEW1.SQL即可。 SQL >@VIEW1.SQL;
142. ORA-01555 SNAPSHOT TOO OLD的解决办法 增加MINEXTENTS的值,增加区的大小,设置一个高的OPTIMAL值。
144. 如何加密ORACLE的存储过程? 下列存储过程内容放在AA.SQL文件中 create or replace procedure testCCB(i in number) as begin dbms_output.put_line('输入参数是'||to_char(i)); end;
SQL>wrap iname=a.sql; PL/SQL Wrapper: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 27 22:26:48 2001 Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1993, 2000. All Rights Reserved. Processing AA.sql to AA.plb 运行AA.plb SQL> @AA.plb ;
145. 如何监控事例的等待? select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev", sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot" from v$session_Wait group by event order by 4;
146. 如何回滚段的争用情况? select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio" from v$rollstat C, v$rollname D where C.usn = D.usn;
147. 如何监控表空间的 I/O 比例? select B.tablespace_name name,B.file_name "file",A.phyrds pyr, A.phyblkrd pbr,A.phywrts pyw, A.phyblkwrt pbw from v$filestat A, dba_data_files B where A.file# = B.file_id order by B.tablespace_name;
148. 如何监控文件系统的 I/O 比例? select substr(C.file#,1,2) "#", substr(C.name,1,30) "Name", C.status, C.bytes, D.phyrds, D.phywrts from v$datafile C, v$filestat D where C.file# = D.file#;